Limestone-zeolite biocomposite as potential low-cost adsorbent for landfill leachate remediation

A novel approach for the low-cost bioadsorbent for the removal of leachate pollutants is presented herein. In this study, limestone is combined with zeolite in order to fabricate biocomposite media with different ratios. Results revealed that limestone-zeolite biocomposite adsorbed ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) and COD, which could possibly be used for the adsorption of NH3-N and COD efficiently from leachate. The optimum mixing ratio by means was carried out using series of batch experiments for limestone and zeolite to measure the remediation of NH3-N and COD in a stabilized leached. The optimum ratio for limestone and zeolite in the remediation of NH3-N and COD obtained were at 25:15 (82%) and 30:10 (75%), respectively. Indeed, the prepared limestone-zeolite biocomposite is a low-cost and effective adsorbent was potential used to derive the NH3-N and COD for a promising adsorption efficiency from stabilized landfill leachate

Micro-peat as a potential low-cost adsorbent material for COD and NH3-N removal

Micro-peat (M-P) was demonstrated in the present study as a potential low cost natural adsorbent for the removal of COD and ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) from landfill leachate. A series of batch experiments were carried out under fixed conditions and the influence of mixture ratio was investigated. The characteristics of leachate were then determined. Results indicated that leachate is non-biodegradable with high concentration of COD (2739.06 mg/L), NH3-N (1765.34 mg/L) and BOD5/COD ratio (0.09). The optimum ratio for activated carbon (AC) and M-P in the removal of COD and NH3-N obtained were at 2.5:1.5 (87%) and 1.0:3.0 (65%) respectively. The low-cost natural adsorbent used in the present investigation is an attractive alternative to the conventional adsorbent (AC). Thus, M-P can be appropriated for use in leachate treatment that could be cost-effective due its local availability and adsorption property

Assessing The River Water Quality of Sungai Masai, Johor by Using Water Quality Index (WQI)

The water quality problem has begun to receive significant attention from society in Malaysia as the water pollution issue has arisen over the years. Thus, determining the status of raw water quality is crucial to ensure the level of raw water quality has met the usable standard. This study aimed to identify the land activities near the Sungai Masai, Johor. Then, determine the water quality parameter of Sungai Masai, Johor and classify it according to the Water Quality Index (WQI) Malaysia. Complete characterization and classification of the water quality were compared with the standard from the Department of Environment (DOE) for Sungai Masai and were determined by conducting an experiment. Results show that water quality under three different types of land activities around Sungai Masai can be classified as Slightly Polluted or Class III, with WQI values ranging from 59.34 to 74.47. It can be concluded that the surrounding area around Sungai Masai has led this river to be highly contaminated. However, water from Sungai Masai can be used as drinking water, but it requires further treatment before consumption. The water was suitable only for fishery activities and agricultural irrigation if untreated. To improve the quality of research, the parameter for heavy metals should be conducted in the Industrial area to determine whether industrial waste may end up accumulating in the soil and sediment of water bodies or not &nbsp

Application of response surface methodology (RSM) to optimize COD and ammoniacal nitrogen removal from leachate using moringa and zeolite mixtures

This paper reported the optimization of COD and NH3-N reduction from a stabilised leachate by zeolite (ZE) and moringa oleifera leaf powder (MP) mixture using response surface methodology (RSM) and central composite design (CCD). Quadratic polynomial equations were obtained for the removal process. An initial experiment was conducted to establish the optimum mixed ratio between ZE:MP and resulted in a ratio of 24:16. Independent variables investigated in the subsequent optimization experiments include pH ,dosage and contact time. The results revealed that the optimal reduction of COD and NH3-N from landfill leachate was considerable at pH 5.9 , optimal time of 113 minutes and 100gL-1 of adsorbent dosage with desirability value of 0.917. The upper limits for the actual versus predicted reduction were 70.14 against 69.13%  and 86.94 against 86.55 % respectively for COD and NH3-N which defined that the experimental values were relatively close to the predicted values. The study also revealed that ZE:MP mixture has a very high potential for the remediation of COD and NH3-N from a stabilized leachate

Dynamic response of tapered optical fiber coated with graphene oxide for detecting aqueous ethanol

Typically, evanescent-field optical fiber sensors utilize tapered fiber structure to enhance the evanescent filed interaction with the sensing medium. A nanostructured sensing layer is applied to further enhance the sensitivity of the sensor. This paper investigates the use of tapered fiber sensor coated with graphene oxide (GO) nano-film. Optimization of the GO layer and the tapering parameters were performed and the sensing capability of the device is tested using different concentrations of ethanol. The sensor demonstrates fast response and recovery to aqueous ethanol when interrogated in the visible region using a spectrometer and light source which is 20 seconds and 30 seconds respectively

The Effectiveness of Peat-AC Composite Adsorbent in Removing SS, Colour and Fe from Landfill Leachate

Adsorption is a commonly used method for the removal of such various pollutants from aqueous solutions. Nowadays, due to cost-effectiveness, the adsorbent should be economical and cheaply available in abundance and it should require minimal for discharge into water bodies. This study was undertaken to investigate the efficiency of activated carbon (AC) to partially replace with peat as an inexpensive adsorbate composite medium for removing suspended solid (SS), colour and iron (Fe) from landfill leachate. The process of identifying the optimum composition of the composite adsorbent was carried out using batch technique. It shaken for 120 minutes with 200 rpm at pH 7. The optimum ratio of peat and AC had been chosen as 2.0:2.0 for SS and color while 2.5:1.5 for Fe. The value of the removal percentage for SS, colour and Fe were 71.6%, 74.4% and 79.6% in respectively. This indicates that peat can be used as a cost-effective medium to partially substitute of commercially AC in the composite for SS, colour and iron removal at a considerably lower cost

Optimization of Batch Conditions for COD and Ammonia Nitrogen Removal Using cockle shells Through Response Surface Methodology

The optimal conditions for the reduction of COD and NH3-N using cockle shells (CS) from a stabilised landfill effluent were analyzed. The influence of two variables (adsorbent dosage and pH) were analysed through the application of response surface methodology (RSM) and central composite design (CCD). Quadratic models were developed for the removals of COD and NH3-N parameters. The optimum conditions for removal of 65.6% and 53.6% for COD and NH3-N respectively was achieved at pH 6.34, adsorbent dosage of 20.21 g having 0.888 desirability value. The model F-value obtained for NH3-N removal Prob. > F value of 0.0001 with F-value of 104.21 was obtained. Similarly the Prob. > F value of < 0.0001 for COD with F-value of 82.74 was obtained, these P-values confirmed the significance of the model. The predicted response versus the experimental response depicted that the experimental data were relatively close to the predicted data. Thus, the generated models significantly enclosed the correlation between the process variables and the response.   GMT Detect languageAfrikaansAlbanianArabicArmenianAzerbaijaniBasqueBelarusianBengaliBosnianBulgarianCatalanCebuanoChichewaChinese (Simplified)Chinese (Traditional)CroatianCzechDanishDutchEnglishEsperantoEstonianFilipinoFinnishFrenchGalicianGeorgianGermanGreekGujaratiHaitian CreoleHausaHebrewHindiHmongHungarianIcelandicIgboIndonesianIrishItalianJapaneseJavaneseKannadaKazakhKhmerKoreanLaoLatinLatvianLithuanianMacedonianMalagasyMalayMalayalamMalteseMaoriMarathiMongolianMyanmar (Burmese)NepaliNorwegianPersianPolishPortuguesePunjabiRomanianRussianSerbianSesothoSinhalaSlovakSlovenianSomaliSpanishSundaneseSwahiliSwedishTajikTamilTeluguThaiTurkishUkrainianUrduUzbekVietnameseWelshYiddishYorubaZulu AfrikaansAlbanianArabicArmenianAzerbaijaniBasqueBelarusianBengaliBosnianBulgarianCatalanCebuanoChichewaChinese (Simplified)Chinese (Traditional)CroatianCzechDanishDutchEnglishEsperantoEstonianFilipinoFinnishFrenchGalicianGeorgianGermanGreekGujaratiHaitian CreoleHausaHebrewHindiHmongHungarianIcelandicIgboIndonesianIrishItalianJapaneseJavaneseKannadaKazakhKhmerKoreanLaoLatinLatvianLithuanianMacedonianMalagasyMalayMalayalamMalteseMaoriMarathiMongolianMyanmar (Burmese)NepaliNorwegianPersianPolishPortuguesePunjabiRomanianRussianSerbianSesothoSinhalaSlovakSlovenianSomaliSpanishSundaneseSwahiliSwedishTajikTamilTeluguThaiTurkishUkrainianUrduUzbekVietnameseWelshYiddishYorubaZulu         Text-to-speech function is limited to 200 characters  Options : History : Feedback : DonateClos

A post hoc power and effect size analysis of micro-enterprise behavior: a construct measurement study of rural asnaf's entrepreneurs (RAE) development in Pahang

This study aims to identify the size of the impact and power required in the study of the behavior of SME entrepreneurs. Particularly it focuses on micro -entrepreneurs in remote areas in Pahang, to bridge the gap of research and look more broadly at the field of study. This study has a twostep approach, the first is to identify the constructs used by previous researchers in the study of entrepreneurship and training course and conducted a field survey of RAE through random sampling technic. The findings of this study were analyzed with validity and reliability of data values through alpha and R-squared value. After obtaining reliable validity and R-Square values, power analysis (1-β) and effect size (F2) were identified and analyzed with G*Power software. The findings of the study found that the high value of R-square caused sufficient power (1- β = 0.80) to be achieved at the 20th sampling (n = 20). The results of this study also support the findings of Connelly et al (2010) who suggested that power studies on entrepreneurial behavior are higher than expected. However, F2 of this study is lower than that proposed by Connelly et al (2010) for micro and medium enterprises at the rate of F2 = 0.9 only compared to 0.14 - 0.25. This initial study can be a benchmark to the value of impact size and power to subsequent studies in the field of entrepreneurship, however, it has limitations only on rural asnaf entrepreneurs. Further studies can be made of entrepreneurs in other fields, with more universal constructs as well as other theoretical frameworks

Reduced graphene oxide nano-composites layer on fiber optic tip sensor reflectance response for sensing of aqueous ethanol

In this study, the used of tapered optical fiber tip as sensors coated with reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO) is investigated. The resultant rGO nanocomposites coated on the tapered fiber sensor were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Optimization of the rGO layer and the tapering parameters are found and the sensing capability of the device is tested using different concentrations of ethanol in water. The nanocomposite layer improved the performance of the sensor by demonstrating high sensitivity to aqueous ethanol when interrogated in the visible region using a spectrometer in the optical wavelength range of 500–700 nm. The reflectance response of the rGO coated fiber tip reduced linearly, upon exposure to ethanol concentrations ranging between 20-80 %